In Circuit Test (ICT) programming is my profession. It's designed to catch electronic board manufacturing defects. It's been out for over 20 years and it's considered to be dinosaur in testing. We had our system in 2000, and it's been so reliable and produced 95% yields at our manufacturing CEMs. The product quality is only as good as its maker and it's true. There are many programmers out there for this systems, we can do a lot with this system, if one just want basic testing, then the yield will be low. If we use all the features and customize our tests, then the coverage will be high and the result will be rewarding. What I do for my company is to write customized functional tests, customized fixtures, which eliminates costly, slow board bench tests and produce high yields at box level. We used ICT to detect design flaws before it goes to production to prevent costly RMAs and reworks. Each board test should only take maximum of 2 minutes with full functional tests and ready for box build. This way we ensure the throughput and the end of a quarter when many boards built at the last minutes. The... ... tests must be repeatable and accurate.